A good act can become evil through circumstances
II. Good Acts and Evil Acts
1755 A morally good act requires the goodness of the object, of the end, and of the circumstances together. An evil end corrupts the action, even if the object is good in itself (such as praying and fasting "in order to be seen by men"). The object of the choice can by itself vitiate an act in its entirety. There are some concrete acts - such as fornication - that it is always wrong to choose, because choosing them entails a disorder of the will, that is, a moral evil.
1756 It is therefore an error to judge the morality of human acts by considering only the intention that inspires them or the circumstances (environment, social pressure, duress or emergency, etc.) which supply their context. There are acts which, in and of themselves, independently of circumstances and intentions, are always gravely illicit by reason of their object; such as blasphemy and perjury, murder and adultery. One may not do evil so that good may result from it.
- Prologue
- I. The life of man - to know and love God
- II. Handing on the Faith: Catechesis
- III. The Aim and Intended Readership of the Catechism
- IV. Structure of this Catechism
- V. Practical Directions for Using this Catechism
- VI. Necessary Adaptations
- Section One I Believe - We Believe
- Chapter One Man's Capacity For God
- Man's Capacity For God
- Ii. Ways Of Coming To Know God
- Iii. The Knowledge Of God According To The Church
- Iv. How Can We Speak About God?
- In Brief
- Article 1 The Revelation Of God
- The Revelation Of God
- II. The Stages Of Revelation
- III. Christ Jesus -- Mediator And Fullness Of All Revelation25
- In Brief
- The Transmission Of Divine Revelation
- I. The Apostolic Tradition
- II. The Relationship Between Tradition And Sacred Scripture
- III. The Interpretation Of The Heritage Of Faith
- In Brief
- Sacred Scripture
- II. Inspiration And Truth Of Sacred Scripture
- III. The Holy Spirit, Interpreter Of Scripture
- IV. The Canon Of Scripture
- V. Sacred Scripture In The Life Of The Church
- In Brief
- Article 1 I Believe
- I Believe
- II. I Know Whom I Have Believed16
- III. The Characteristics Of Faith
- We Believe
- I. Lord, Look Upon The Faith Of Your Church
- II. The Language Of Faith
- III. Only One Faith
- In Brief
- The Credo
- Chapter One I Believe In God The Father
- Article 1 I Believe In God The Father Almighty, Creator Of Heaven And Earth
- I Believe In God The Father Almighty, Creator Of Heaven And Earth
- Paragraph 2. The Father
- Paragraph 3. The Almighty
- Paragraph 4. The Creator
- Paragraph 5. Heaven And Earth
- Paragraph 6. Man
- Paragraph 7. The Fall
- Article 2 And In Jesus Christ, His Only Son, Our Lord
- Article 2
- II. Christ
- III. The Only Son Of God
- IV. Lord
- In Brief
- He Was Conceived By The Power Of The Holy Spirit, And Was Born Of The Virgin Mary
- Paragraph 2. Conceived By The Power Of The Holy Spirit And Born Of The Virgin Mary
- Paragraph 3. The Mysteries Of Christ's Life
- Jesus Christ Suffered Under Pontius Pilate, Was Crucified, Died And Was Buried
- Paragraph 1. Jesus And Israel
- Paragraph 2. Jesus Died Crucified
- Paragraph 3. Jesus Christ Was Buried
- HE DESCENDED INTO HELL. On The Third Day He Rose Again
- Paragraph 1. Christ Descended Into Hell
- Paragraph 2. On The Third Day He Rose From The Dead
- He Ascended Into Heaven And Is Seated At The Right Hand Of The Father
- In Brief
- From Thence He Will Come Agaln To Judge The Living And The Dead
- II. To Judge The Living And The Dead
- In Brief
- Article 8 I Believe In The Holy Spirit
- Article 8
- I. The Joint Mission Of The Son And The Spirit
- II. The Name, Titles, And Symbols Of The Holy Spirit
- III. God's Spirit And Word In The Time Of The Promises
- IV. The Spirit Of Christ In The Fullness Of Time
- V. The Spirit And The Church In The Last Days
- In Brief
- I Believe In The Holy Catholic Church
- Paragraph 1. The Church In God's Plan
- Paragraph 2. The Church - People Of God, Body Of Christ, Temple Of The Holy Spirit
- Paragraph 3. The Church Is One, Holy, Catholic, And Apostolic
- Paragraph 4. Christ's Faithful - Hierarchy, Laity, Consecrated Life
- Paragraph 5. The Communion Of Saints
- Paragraph 6. Mary - Mother Of Christ, Mother Of The Church
- I Believe In The Forgiveness Of Sins
- I. One Baptism For The Forgiveness Of Sins
- II. The Power Of The Keys
- I Believe In The Resurrection Of The Body
- I. Christ's Resurrection And Ours
- II. Dying In Christ Jesus
- In Brief
- I Believe In Life Everlasting
- I. The Particular Judgment
- II. Heaven
- III. The Final Purification, Or Purgatory
- IV. Hell
- V. The Last Judgment
- VI. Hope Of The New Heaven And The New Earth
- In Brief
- Amen
- Section One The Sacramental Economy
- Chapter One The Paschal Myster On The Age Of The Church
- Article 1 The Liturgy - Work Of The Holy Trinity
- The Liturgy - Work Of The Holy Trinity
- II. Christ's Work In The Liturgy
- III. The Holy Spirit And The Church In The Liturgy
- In Brief
- The Paschal Mystery In The Church's Sacraments
- I. The Sacraments Of Christ
- II. The Sacraments Of The Church
- III. The Sacraments Of Faith
- IV. The Sacraments Of Salvation
- V. The Sacraments Of Eternal Life
- In Brief
- Article 1 Celebrating The Church's Liturgy
- Celebrating The Church's Liturgy
- II. How Is The Liturgy Celebrated?
- III. When Is The Liturgy Celebrated?
- IV. Where Is The Liturgy Celebrated?
- In Brief
- Liturgical Diversity And The Unity Of The Mystery
- In Brief
- Chapter One The Sacraments Of Christian Initiation
- Article 1 The Sacrament Of Baptism
- The Sacrament Of Baptism
- I. What Is This Sacrament Called?
- II. Baptism In The Economy Of Salvation
- III. How Is The Sacrament Of Baptism Celebrated?
- IV. Who Can Receive Baptism?
- V. Who Can Baptize?
- VI. The Necessity Of Baptism
- VII. The Grace Of Baptism
- In Brief
- The Sacrament Of Confirmation
- I. Confirmation In The Economy Of Salvation
- II. The Signs And The Rite Of Confirmation
- III. The Effects Of Confirmation
- IV. Who Can Receive This Sacrament?
- V. The Minister Of Confirmation
- In Brief
- The Sacrament Of The Eucharist
- I. The Eucharist - Source And Summit Of Ecclesial Life
- II. What Is This Sacrament Called?
- III. The Eucharist In The Economy Of Salvation
- IV. The Liturgical Celebration Of The Eucharist
- V. The Sacramental Sacrifice Thanksgiving, Memorial, Presence
- VI. The Paschal Banquet
- VII. The Eucharist - Pledge Of The Glory To Come
- In Brief
- Article 4 The Sacrament Of Penance And Reconciliation
- The Sacrament Of Penance And Reconciliation
- I. What Is This Sacrament Called?
- II. Why A Sacrament Of Reconciliation After Baptism?
- III. The Conversion Of The Baptized
- IV. Interior Penance
- V. The Many Forms Of Penance In Christian Life
- VI. The Sacrament Of Penance And Reconciliation
- VII. The Acts Of The Penitent
- VIII. The Minister Of This Sacrament
- IX. The Effects Of This Sacrament
- X. Indulgences
- XI. The Celebration Of The Sacrament Of Penance
- In Brief
- The Anointing Of The Sick
- I. Its Foundations In The Economy Of Salvation
- II. Who Receives And Who Administers This Sacrament?
- III. How Is This Sacrament Celebrated?
- IV. The Effects Of The Celebration Of This Sacrament
- V. Viaticum, The Last Sacrament Of The Christian
- In Brief
- Article 6 The Sacrament Of Holy Orders
- Article 6
- I. Why Is This Sacrament Called Orders?
- II. The Sacrament Of Holy Orders In The Economy Of Salvation
- III. The Three Degrees Of The Sacrament Of Holy Orders
- IV. The Celebration Of This Sacrament
- V. Who Can Confer This Sacrament?
- VI. Who Can Receive This Sacrament?
- VII. The Effects Of The Sacrament Of Holy Orders
- In Brief
- The Sacrament Of Matrimony
- I. Marriage In God's Plan
- II. The Celebration Of Marriage
- III. Matrimonial Consent
- IV. The Effects Of The Sacrament Of Matrimony
- V. The Goods And Requirements Of Conjugal Love
- VI. The Domestic Church
- In Brief
- Article 1 Sacramentals
- Other Liturgical Celebrations
- In Brief
- Christian Funerals
- I. The Christian's Last Passover
- II. The Celebration Of Funerals
- Section One Man's Vocation Life In The Spirit
- Chapter One The Dignity Of The Human Person
- Article 1 Man: The Image Of God
- Man: The Image Of God
- In Brief
- Our Vocation To Beatitude
- II. The Desire For Happiness
- III. Christian Beatitude
- In Brief
- Man's Freedom
- I. Freedom And Responsibility
- II. Human Freedom In The Economy Of Salvation
- In Brief
- The Morality Of Human Acts
- I. The Sources Of Morality
- II. Good Acts And Evil Acts
- In Brief
- The Morality Of The Passions
- I. Passions
- II. Passions And Moral Life
- In Brief
- Moral Conscience
- I. The Judgment Of Conscience
- II. The Formation Of Conscience
- III. To Choose In Accord With Conscience
- IV. Erroneous Judgment
- In Brief
- The Virtues
- I. The Human Virtues
- II. The Theological Virtues
- III. The Gifts And Fruits Of The Holy Spirit
- In Brief
- Sin
- II. The Definition Of Sin
- III. The Different Kinds Of Sins
- IV. The Gravity Of Sin: Mortal And Venial Sin
- V. The Proliferation Of Sin
- In Brief
- Article 1 The Person And Society
- The Person And Society
- II. Conversion And Society
- In Brief
- Participation In Social Life
- II. The Common Good
- III. Responsibility And Participation
- In Brief
- Social Justice
- I. Respect For The Human Person
- II. Equality And Differences Among Men
- III. Human Solidarity
- In Brief
- Article 1 The Moral Law
- The Moral Law
- I. The Natural Moral Law
- II. The Old Law
- III. The New Law Or The Law Of The Gospel
- In Brief
- Grace And Justification
- II. Grace
- III. Merit
- IV. Christian Holiness
- In Brief
- The Church, Mother And Teacher
- I. Moral Life And The Magisterium Of The Church
- II. The Precepts Of The Church
- III. Moral Life And Missionary Witness
- In Brief
- Chapter One You Shall Love The Lord Your God Will All Your Heart, And With All Your Soul, And With All Your Mind
- Article 1 The First Commandment
- The First Commandment
- I. You Shall Worship The Lord Your God And Him Only Shall You Serve
- II. Him Only Shall You Serve
- III. You Shall Have No Other Gods Before Me
- IV. You Shall Not Make For Yourself A Graven Image . . .
- In Brief
- The Second Commandment
- I. The Name Of The Lord Is Holy
- II. Taking The Name Of The Lord In Vain
- III. The Christian Name
- In Brief
- The Third Commandment
- I. The Sabbath Day
- II. The Lord's Day
- In Brief
- Article 4 The Fourth Commandment
- Article 4
- I. The Family In God's Plan
- II. The Family And Society
- III. The Duties Of Family Members
- IV. The Family And The Kingdom
- V. The Authorities In Civil Society
- In Brief
- The Fifth Commandment
- I. Respect For Human Life
- II. Respect For The Dignity Of Persons
- III. Safeguarding Peace
- In Brief
- The Sixth Commandment
- I. Male And Female He Created Them . . .
- II. The Vocation To Chastity
- III. The Love Of Husband And Wife
- IV. Offenses Against The Dignity Of Marriage
- In Brief
- The Seventh Commandment
- I. The Universal Destination And The Private Ownership Of Goods
- II. Respect For Persons And Their Goods
- III. The Social Doctrine Of The Church
- IV. Economic Activity And Social Justice
- V. Justice And Solidarity Among Nations
- VI. Love For The Poor
- In Brief
- The Eighth Commandment
- I. Living In The Truth
- II. To Bear Witness To The Truth
- III. Offenses Against Truth
- IV. Respect For The Truth
- V. The Use Of The Social Communications Media
- VI. Truth, Beauty, And Sacred Art
- In Brief
- The Ninth Commandment
- I. Purification Of The Heart
- II. The Battle For Purity
- In Brief
- The Tenth Commandment
- I. The Disorder Of Covetous Desires
- II. The Desires Of The Spirit
- III. Poverty Of Heart
- IV. I Want To See God
- In Brief
- Section One Prayer In The Christian Life
- Chapter One The Revelation Of Prayer - The Universal Call To Prayer
- Article 1 In The Old Testament
- In The Old Testament
- In Brief
- In The Fullness Of Time
- In Brief
- In The Age Of The Church
- I. Blessing And Adoration
- II. Prayer Of Petition
- III. Prayer Of Intercession
- IV. Prayer Of Thanksgiving
- V. Prayer Of Praise
- In Brief
- Article 1 At The Wellsprings Of Prayer
- At The Wellsprings Of Prayer
- In Brief
- The Way Of Prayer
- In Brief
- Guides For Prayer
- In Brief
- Article 1 Expressions Of Prayer
- Expressions Of Prayer
- II. Meditation
- III. Contemplative Prayer
- In Brief
- The Battle Of Prayer
- I. Objections To Prayer
- II. Humble Vigilance Of Heart
- III. Filial Trust
- IV. Perservering In Love
- The Prayer Of The Hour Of Jesus
- In Brief
- article 1 the summary of the whole gospel
- article 2 our father who art in heaven
- article 3 the seven petitions
- article 4 the final doxolgy